Wisconsin

State

Add Comparison

2019 Population

5.82M

0.153% 1-year growth

US Senator

Ron Johnson

Republican Party

US Senator

Tammy Baldwin

Democratic Party

2019 Median Age

39.9

0.758% 1-year increase

2019 Poverty Rate

11.3%

4.59% 1-year decrease

2019 Median Household Income

$64,168

5.59% 1-year growth

2019 Median Property Value

$197,200

4.62% 1-year growth

2019 Employed Population

2.89M

0.195% 1-year growth

About

In 2019, Wisconsin had a population of 5.82M people with a median age of 39.9 and a median household income of $64,168. Between 2018 and 2019 the population of Wisconsin grew from 5.81M to 5.82M, a 0.153% increase and its median household income grew from $60,773 to $64,168, a 5.59% increase.

The 5 largest ethnic groups in Wisconsin are White (Non-Hispanic) (80.8%), Black or African American (Non-Hispanic) (6.3%), White (Hispanic) (4.44%), Asian (Non-Hispanic) (2.86%), and Other (Hispanic) (1.98%). 8.75% of the households in Wisconsin speak a non-English language at home as their primary language.

97.3% of the residents in Wisconsin are U.S. citizens.

The largest universities in Wisconsin are University of Wisconsin-Madison (16,416 degrees awarded in 2020), University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee (6,922 degrees), and Fox Valley Technical College (3,637 degrees).

In 2019, the median property value in Wisconsin was $197,200, and the homeownership rate was 67.2%. Most people in Wisconsin drove alone to work, and the average commute time was 21.5 minutes. The average car ownership in Wisconsin was 2 cars per household.

Wisconsin borders Illinois, Iowa, Michigan, and Minnesota.

Photo by Randen Pederson

United States

Diversity

Wisconsin is home to a population of 5.82M people, from which 97.3% are citizens. As of 2019, 4.98% of Wisconsin residents were born outside of the country (290k people).

In 2019, there were 12.8 times more White (Non-Hispanic) residents (4.7M people) in Wisconsin than any other race or ethnicity. There were 367k Black or African American (Non-Hispanic) and 259k White (Hispanic) residents, the second and third most common ethnic groups.

The most common foreign languages spoken in Wisconsin are Spanish (261,122 speakers), Hmong (38,938 speakers), and German (29,768 speakers).

Race and Ethnicity

The 3 largest ethnic groups in Wisconsin

White (Non-Hispanic)
4.7M ± 2.73k
Black or African American (Non-Hispanic)
367k ± 5.64k
White (Hispanic)
259k ± 8.87k

7.09%

Hispanic Population

413k people

7.09% of the people in Wisconsin are hispanic (413k people).

The following chart shows the 7 races represented in Wisconsin as a share of the total population.

Non-English Speakers

Most Common Languages

Spanish
261,122 speakers (4.75%)
Hmong
38,938 speakers (0.709%)
German
29,768 speakers (0.542%)

8.75% of Wisconsin citizens are speakers of a non-English language, which is lower than the national average of 22%.

In 2019, the most common non-English language spoken in Wisconsin was Spanish. 4.75% of the overall population of Wisconsin are native Spanish speakers. 0.709% speak Hmong and 0.542% speak German, the next two most common languages.

Heritage

Foreign-Born Population

4.98%

2019 Foreign-Born Population

290k people

4.94%

2018 Foreign-Born Population

287k people

As of 2019, 4.98% of Wisconsin residents (290k people) were born outside of the United States, which is lower than the national average of 13.7%. In 2018, the percentage of foreign-born citizens in Wisconsin was 4.94%, meaning that the rate has been increasing.

The following chart shows the percentage of foreign-born residents in Wisconsin compared to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

Age by Nativity

Median Native-Born Age

± 0.1

Median Foreign-Born Age

± 0.9

In 2019, the median age of all people in Wisconsin was 39.9. Native-born citizens, with a median age of 40, were generally younger than foreign-born citizens, with a median age of 42. But people in Wisconsin are getting getting older. In 2018, the average age of all Wisconsin residents was 40.

Global Diversity

Most Common Origin

Mexico
89,428 ± 7,285 people
India
26,534 ± 3,990 people
China
15,088 ± 3,012 people

In 2019, the most common birthplace for the foreign-born residents of Wisconsin was Mexico, the natal country of 89,428 Wisconsin residents, followed by India with 26,534 and China with 15,088.

Citizenship

97.3%

2019 Citizenship

97.3%

2018 Citizenship

As of 2019, 97.3% of Wisconsin residents were US citizens, which is higher than the national average of 93.4%. In 2018, the percentage of US citizens in Wisconsin was 97.3%, meaning that the rate of citizenship has been decreasing.

The following chart shows US citizenship percentages in Wisconsin compared to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

Military

Veterans

Most Common Service Period

Vietnam
113,250 ± 3,808
Gulf War (2001-)
57,098 ± 4,249
Gulf War (1990s)
36,655 ± 2,457

Wisconsin has a large population of military personnel who served in Vietnam, 1.98 times greater than any other conflict.

COVID-19

Daily New Cases by Date

Hospitalization data for some states may be delayed or not reported.

Y-Axis

This chart shows the number of COVID-19 daily new cases by date in Wisconsin, as a 7-day rolling average, compared with the four states with the most similar number of confirmed cases.

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Unemployment Insurance Claims

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for Wisconsin.

This chart shows weekly unemployment insurance claims in Wisconsin (not-seasonally adjusted) compared with the four states with the most similar impact.

The most recent data point uses Advance State Claims data, which can be revised in subsequent weeks.

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Employment by Industry Sector

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for Wisconsin.

Y-Axis

8.45%

Year-over-year growth

Employment change between May 2020 and May 2021

As of May 2021, there are 145M people employed in Wisconsin. This represents a 8.45% increase in employment when compared to May 2020.

The following chart shows monthly employment numbers for each industry sector in Wisconsin.

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Community Mobility

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for Wisconsin.

This chart presents movement trends over time in the state of Wisconsin across different categories of places such as retail and recreation, groceries and pharmacies, parks, transit stations, workplaces, and residential.

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Economy

Median household income in Wisconsin is $64,168. In 2019, the county with the highest Median Household Income in Wisconsin was Waukesha County, WI with a value of $90,548, followed by Ozaukee County, WI and St. Croix County, WI, with respective values of $88,154 and $85,594.

Males in Wisconsin have an average income that is 1.35 times higher than the average income of females, which is $49,393. The income inequality in Wisconsin (measured using the Gini index) is 0.439, which is lower than than the national average.

The economy of Wisconsin employs 2.89M people. The largest industries in Wisconsin are Elementary & secondary schools (166,512 people), Restaurants & Food Services (165,057 people), and Construction (164,819 people), and the highest paying industries are Petroleum refining ($117,076), Securities, commodities, funds, trusts & other financial investments ($113,995), and Computer & peripheral equipment manufacturing ($112,390).

Wages

Median Household Income

$64,168

2019 value

± $600

5.59%

1 Year Growth

± 1.07%

Households in Wisconsin have a median annual income of $64,168, which is less than the median annual income of $65,712 across the entire United States. This is in comparison to a median income of $60,773 in 2018, which represents a 5.59% annual growth.

The following chart shows how the median household income in Wisconsin compares to that of its neighboring and parent geographies.

Wage by Sex in Common Jobs

$66,828

Average Male Salary in Wisconsin

± $1,401

$49,393

Average Female Salary in Wisconsin

± $944

In 2019, full-time male employees in Wisconsin made 1.35 times more than female employees.

This chart shows the sex-based wage disparity in the 5 most common occupations in Wisconsin by number of full-time employees.

Wage by Race and Ethnicity in Common Jobs

Highest Average Salaries by Race & Ethnicity in Wisconsin

White
$51,419 ± $835
Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander
$50,586 ± $20,483
Asian
$50,439 ± $4,775

In 2019 the highest paid race/ethnicity of Wisconsin workers was White. These workers were paid 1.02 times more than Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander workers, who made the second highest salary of any race/ethnicity in Wisconsin.

This chart shows the race- and ethnicity-based wage disparities in the 5 most common occupations in Wisconsin by number of full-time employees.

Wage Distribution

0.439

2019 Wage GINI in Wisconsin

0.441

2018 Wage GINI in Wisconsin

In 2019, the income inequality in Wisconsin was 0.439 according to the GINI calculation of the wage distribution. Income inequality had a 0.491% decline from 2018 to 2019, which means that wage distribution grew somewhat more even. The GINI for Wisconsin was lower than than the national average of 0.478. In other words, wages are distributed more evenly in Wisconsin in comparison to the national average.

This chart shows the number of workers in Wisconsin across various wage buckets compared to the national average.

Income by Location

Use the dropdown to filter by race/ethnicity.

Race/Ethnicity

Highest Median Household Income (Total)

In 2019, the county with the highest Median Household Income (Total) in Wisconsin was Waukesha County, WI with a value of $90,548, followed by Ozaukee County, WI and St. Croix County, WI, with respective values of $88,154 and $85,594.

The following map shows all of the counties in Wisconsin colored by their Median Household Income (Total).

Poverty by Age and Sex

Females 18 - 24

Largest Demographic Living in Poverty

11.3% of the population for whom poverty status is determined in Wisconsin (639k out of 5.64M people) live below the poverty line, a number that is lower than the national average of 12.3%. The largest demographic living in poverty are Females 18 - 24, followed by Males 18 - 24 and then Females 25 - 34.

The Census Bureau uses a set of money income thresholds that vary by family size and composition to determine who classifies as impoverished. If a family's total income is less than the family's threshold than that family and every individual in it is considered to be living in poverty.

Poverty by Race and Ethnicity

Largest Race or Ethnicity Living in Poverty

White
436,734 ± 4,091
Black
110,070 ± 2,256
Hispanic
81,792 ± 1,956

The most common racial or ethnic group living below the poverty line in Wisconsin is White, followed by Black and Hispanic.

Occupations

Employment by Occupations

2.89M

2019 Value

0.195%

1 Year growth

± 0.195%

From 2018 to 2019, employment in Wisconsin grew at a rate of 0.195%, from 2.88M employees to 2.89M employees.

The most common job groups, by number of people living in Wisconsin, are Driver/sales workers & truck drivers (73,205 people), Registered nurses (71,496 people), and Laborers & freight, stock, & material movers, hand (67,923 people). This chart illustrates the share breakdown of the primary jobs held by residents of Wisconsin.

Most Common

The most common jobs held by residents of Wisconsin, by number of employees, are Driver/sales workers & truck drivers (73,205 people), Registered nurses (71,496 people), and Laborers & freight, stock, & material movers, hand (67,923 people).

Most Specialized

Compared to other states, Wisconsin has an unusually high number of residents working as Paper goods machine setters, operators, & tenders (4.25 times higher than expected), Grinding, lapping, polishing, and buffing machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic (3.81 times), and Computer numerically controlled tool operators and programmers (3.19 times).

Highest Paid

The highest paid jobs held by residents of Wisconsin, by average salary, are Surgeons ($403,200), Physicians ($286,821), and Dentists ($193,919).

Industries

Employment by Industries

2.89M

2019 Value

0.195%

1 Year growth

± 0.195%

From 2018 to 2019, employment in Wisconsin grew at a rate of 0.195%, from 2.88M employees to 2.89M employees.

The most common employment sectors for those who live in Wisconsin, are Elementary & secondary schools (166,512 people), Restaurants & Food Services (165,057 people), and Construction (164,819 people). This chart shows the share breakdown of the primary industries for residents of Wisconsin, though some of these residents may live in Wisconsin and work somewhere else. Census data is tagged to a residential address, not a work address.

Most Common

The most common industries in Wisconsin, by number of employees, are Elementary & secondary schools (166,512 people), Restaurants & Food Services (165,057 people), and Construction (164,819 people).

Most Specialized

Compared to other states, Wisconsin has an unusually high number of Dairy product manufacturing (7.9 times higher than expected), Foundries (7.26 times), and Other transportation equipment manufacturing (6.82 times) industries.

Highest Paying

The highest paying industries in Wisconsin, by average salary, are Petroleum refining ($117,076), Securities, commodities, funds, trusts & other financial investments ($113,995), and Computer & peripheral equipment manufacturing ($112,390).

Domestic Trade

Domestic Production & Consumption

Domestic production and consumption consists of products and services shipped from Wisconsin to other states, or from other states to Wisconsin.

Top Domestic Production in Dollars

In 2020, the top outbound Wisconsin product (by dollars) was Other foodstuffs with $42.6B, followed by Mixed freight ($37.6B) and Machinery ($37.1B).

The following chart shows the share of these products in relation to all outbound Wisconsin products.

Domestic Trade Growth

Showing data for Wisconsin.

$365B

2020 Value in Wisconsin

$615B

Projected 2050 Value in Wisconsin

68.3% growth

In 2020, total outbound Wisconsin trade was $365B. This is expected to increase 68.3% to $615B by 2050.

The following chart shows how the domestic outbound Wisconsin trade is projected to change in comparison to its neighboring states.

Interstate Trade

Interstate trade consists of products and services shipped from Wisconsin to other states, or from other states to Wisconsin.

Most Common Trade Partners

Illinois
$36.6B
Minnesota
$18.2B
Michigan
$17.7B

In 2020, the top outbound Wisconsin domestic partner for goods and services (by dollars) was Illinois with $36.6B, followed by Minnesota with $18.2B and Michigan and $17.7B.

The following map shows the amount of trade that Wisconsin shares with each state (excluding itself).

Civics

In the 2020 presidential election, the popular vote in Wisconsin went to Joseph R Biden Jr. with 49.4% of the vote. The runner-up was Donald J. Trump (48.8%), followed by Jo Jorgensen (1.17%). The most partisan county was Menominee County, WI with 81.9% of the vote going to Joseph R Biden Jr. running for the Democratic Party.

Ron Johnson and Tammy Baldwin are the senators currently representing the state of Wisconsin. In the United States, senators are elected to 6-year terms with the terms for individual senators staggered.

Wisconsin is currently represented by 8 members in the U.S. house, and members of the House of Representives are elected to 2-year terms.

Presidential Popular Vote Over Time

2020 Election Results

Joseph R Biden Jr. (49.4%)
Democratic Party
Donald J. Trump (48.8%)
Republican Party
Jo Jorgensen (1.17%)
Independent Party

In the 2020 presidential election, the popular vote in Wisconsin went to Joseph R Biden Jr. with 49.4% of the vote. The runner-up was Donald J. Trump (48.8%), followed by Jo Jorgensen (1.17%).

The following chart shows the popular vote results in Wisconsin for each registered party from 1976 to 2020.

Presidential Popular Vote by County

Joseph R Biden Jr.

Popular Vote for Wisconsin

49.4% for the Democratic Party

Most Partisan Counties in Wisconsin

Menominee County, WI
81.9% for Joseph R Biden Jr. (Democratic Party)
Dane County, WI
75.5% for Joseph R Biden Jr. (Democratic Party)
Florence County, WI
72.6% for Donald J. Trump (Republican Party)

In the 2020 presidential election, the most partisan county in Wisconsin was Menominee County, WI with 81.9% of the vote going to Joseph R Biden Jr. running for the Democratic Party.

The following map shows the counties in Wisconsin colored by their party leaning.

US Senators from Wisconsin

Ron Johnson

Senator from Wisconsin

Assumed office on January 3, 2011

Tammy Baldwin

Senator from Wisconsin

Assumed office on January 3, 2013

Ron Johnson and Tammy Baldwin are the senators currently representing Wisconsin.

In the United States, senators are elected to 6-year terms with the terms for individual senators staggered.

The following chart shows elected senators in Wisconsin over time, excluding special elections, colored by their political party.

US Representatives from Wisconsin

Wisconsin is currently represented by 8 members in the U.S. house.

Members of the House of Representives are elected to 2-year terms, and the following chart shows the how the members for Wisconsin have changed over time starting in 2008.

Education

In 2020, universities in Wisconsin awarded 94,580 degrees. The student population of Wisconsin is skewed towards women, with 135,565 male students and 184,846 female students.

Most students graduating from Universities in Wisconsin are White (71,652 and 79.3%), followed by Hispanic or Latino (6,029 and 6.67%), Asian (3,792 and 4.2%), and Black or African American (3,760 and 4.16%).

The largest universities in Wisconsin by number of degrees awarded are University of Wisconsin-Madison (16,416 and 17.4%), University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee (6,922 and 7.32%), and Fox Valley Technical College (3,637 and 3.85%).

The most popular majors in Wisconsin are Nursing Assistant & Patient Care Assistant (5,477 and 5.79%), Registered Nursing (4,636 and 4.9%), and General Business Administration & Management (4,064 and 4.3%).

The median tuition costs in Wisconsin are $31,380 for private four year colleges, and $6,617 and $14,631 respectively, for public four year colleges for in-state students and out-of-state students.

Concentrations

Most Common

General Business Administration & Management
2,032 degree-majorss awarded
Registered Nursing
2,610 degree-majorss awarded
General Psychology
2,343 degree-majorss awarded

In 2020, the most common concentation for Bachelors Degree recipients in Wisconsin was General Business Administration & Management with 2,032 degrees awarded.

This visualization illustrates the percentage of students graduating with a Bachelors Degree from schools in Wisconsin according to their major.

Universities

Largest Universities by degrees awarded

University of Wisconsin-Madison
16,416 degrees awarded
University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee
6,922 degrees awarded
Fox Valley Technical College
3,637 degrees awarded

$6,617

Median In-State Public

$31,380

Median Private

In 2020, the Wisconsin institution with the largest number of graduating students was University of Wisconsin-Madison with 16,416 degrees awarded.

Student Sex for Common Institutions

38,530

Degrees Awarded to Men

56,050

Degrees Awarded to Women

In 2020, 38,530 men were awarded degrees from institutions in Wisconsin, which is 0.687 times less than the 56,050 female students who received degrees in the same year.

This chart displays the sex disparity between the top 5 institutions in Wisconsin by degrees awarded.

Student Race and Ethnicity

Most Common Student Race or Ethnicity

White
71,652 degrees awarded
Hispanic or Latino
6,029 degrees awarded
Asian
3,792 degrees awarded

In 2020 the most common race/ethnicity group awarded degrees at institutions in Wisconsin was White students. These 71,652 degrees mean that there were 11.9 times more degrees awarded to White students then the next closest race/ethnicity group, Hispanic or Latino, with 6,029 degrees awarded.

Housing & Living

The median property value in Wisconsin was $197,200 in 2019, which is 0.82 times smaller than the national average of $240,500. Between 2018 and 2019 the median property value increased from $188,500 to $197,200, a 4.62% increase. The homeownership rate in Wisconsin is 67.2%, which is higher than the national average of 64.1%. People in Wisconsin have an average commute time of 21.5 minutes, and they drove alone to work. Car ownership in Wisconsin is approximately the same as the national average, with an average of 2 cars per household.

Housing

Property Value

$197,200

2019 Median

± $1,492

$188,500

2018 Median

± $1,266

In 2019, the median property value in Wisconsin grew to to $197,200 from the previous year's value of $188,500.

The following charts display, first, the property values in Wisconsin compared to it's parent and neighbor geographies and, second, owner-occupied housing units distributed between a series of property value buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. In Wisconsin the largest share of households have a property value in the $200k - $250k range.

Household Income

Please note that the buckets used in this visualization were not evenly distributed by ACS when publishing the data.

$64,168

Median Household Income

± $600

2.39M

Number of Households

± 21,418

In 2019, the median household income of the 2.39M households in Wisconsin grew to $64,168 from the previous year's value of $60,773.

The following chart displays the households in Wisconsin distributed between a series of income buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. The largest share of households have an income in the $75k - $100k range.

Property Taxes

$3k+

Average Range

This chart shows the households in Wisconsin distributed between a series of property tax buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. In Wisconsin the largest share of households pay taxes in the $3k+ range.

Rent vs Own

67.2%

2019 Homeownership

67.1%

2018 Homeownership

In 2019, 67.2% of the housing units in Wisconsin were occupied by their owner. This percentage grew from the previous year's rate of 67.1%.

This percentage of owner-occupation is higher than the national average of 64.1%. This chart shows the ownership percentage in Wisconsin compared it's parent and neighboring geographies.

Commute Time

21.5 minutes

Average Travel Time

Using averages, employees in Wisconsin have a shorter commute time (21.5 minutes) than the normal US worker (26 minutes). Additionally, 1.78% of the workforce in Wisconsin have "super commutes" in excess of 90 minutes.

The chart below shows how the median household income in Wisconsin compares to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

Commuter Transportation

Most Common Commute in 2019

Drove Alone (80.8%)
Carpooled (7.99%)
Worked At Home (5.1%)

In 2019, 80.8% of workers in Wisconsin drove alone to work, followed by those who carpooled to work (7.99%) and those who worked at home (5.1%).

The following chart shows the number of households using each mode of transportation over time, using a logarithmic scale on the y-axis to help better show variations in the smaller means of commuting.

Transportation

Car Ownership

2 cars

Average Number

The following chart displays the households in Wisconsin distributed between a series of car ownership buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. The largest share of households in Wisconsin have 2 cars, followed by false.

Health

94.3% of the population of Wisconsin has health coverage, with 55.3% on employee plans, 13.4% on Medicaid, 13.4% on Medicare, 10.9% on non-group plans, and 1.26% on military or VA plans.

Per capita personal health care spending in Wisconsin was $8,702 in 2014. This is a 6.26% increase from the previous year ($8,189).

Primary care physicians in Wisconsin see 1267 patients per year on average, which represents a 0.236% decrease from the previous year (1270 patients). Compare this to dentists who see 1407 patients per year, and mental health providers who see 471 patients per year.

Comparing across all counties in the state, Adams County has the highest prevalence of diabetes (18.2%). Additionally, Columbia County has the highest prevalence of adult obesity (45.7%)

Patient to Clinician Ratios

1,267 to 1

Patient to Primary Care Physician Ratio in Wisconsin

Primary care physicians in Wisconsin see an average of 1,267 patients per year. This represents a 0.236% decrease from the previous year (1,270 patients).

The following chart shows how the number of patients seen by primary care physicians has been changing over time in Wisconsin in comparison to its neighboring geographies.

Behavioral Health Conditions

Data only available at the state level.

State with the Highest Prevalence

West Virginia
8.26% of the population affected
Arkansas
8.13% of the population affected
New Hampshire
7.98% of the population affected

In 2016, West Virginia had the highest prevalence of adults with major depressive episode, with 8.26% of the population affected. The second highest is Arkansas (8.13%), followed by New Hampshire (7.98%).

The following map shows the percent of individuals with major depressive episode by state over multiple years.

Social Needs

Data only available at the state level.

Most prevalent states

California
35,798 individuals
New York
5,087 individuals
Florida
4,915 individuals

In 2017, California had the highest estimated number of chronically homeless individuals in the nation, at 35,798. New York has the second highest (5,087), followed by Florida (4,915).

The following map shows the estimated number of chronically homeless individuals by state over multiple years.

Access and Quality

Data only available at state level.

Most prevalent states

Mississippi
19.2% of adults
Texas
17.9% of adults
Louisiana
17.6% of adults

In 2016, Mississippi had the highest prevalence of adults who haven't seen a doctor in the past 12 months due to cost, at 19.2%. It is followed by Texas (17.9%) and Louisiana (17.6%).

The following map shows the prevalence of adults who haven't seen a doctor in the past 12 months due to cost by state over multiple years.

Health Care Spending

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for Wisconsin.

$8,702

Total Per Capita Spending on Personal Health Care in Wisconsin

$5,159

Per Enrollee Private Health Insurance Spending on Personal Health Care

$7,057

Per Enrollee Medicaid Spending on Personal Health Care

$9,608

Per Enrollee Medicare Spending on Personal Health Care

Between 2013 and 2014, all personal health care spending per capita in Wisconsin (including private, Medicare, and Medicaid) grew 6.26%, from $8,189 to $8,702.

The following chart shows how this spending changed over time in comparison to Medicaid, Medicare, and private insurance spending, per enrollee.

Health Care Coverage

5.71%

Uninsured

55.3%

Employer Coverage

13.4%

Medicaid

13.4%

Medicare

10.9%

Non-Group

1.26%

Military or VA

Between 2018 and 2019, the percent of uninsured citizens in Wisconsin grew by 4.75% from 5.46% to 5.71%.

The following chart shows how the percent of uninsured individuals in Wisconsin changed over time compared with the percent of individuals enrolled in various types of health insurance.