Jefferson County, TX

County

Add Comparison

2020 Population

253,136

0.473% 1-year decline

US Senator

John Cornyn

Republican Party

US Senator

Ted Cruz

Republican Party

2020 Median Age

36.5

0.829% 1-year increase

2020 Poverty Rate

18%

1.76% 1-year increase

2020 Median Household Income

$50,840

0.796% 1-year decline

2020 Median Property Value

$120,300

6.65% 1-year growth

2020 Employed Population

103,750

2.21% 1-year decline

About

In 2020, Jefferson County, TX had a population of 253k people with a median age of 36.5 and a median household income of $50,840. Between 2019 and 2020 the population of Jefferson County, TX declined from 254,340 to 253,136, a −0.473% decrease and its median household income declined from $51,248 to $50,840, a −0.796% decrease.

The 5 largest ethnic groups in Jefferson County, TX are White (Non-Hispanic) (39.9%), Black or African American (Non-Hispanic) (33.4%), White (Hispanic) (15%), Asian (Non-Hispanic) (3.79%), and Two+ (Hispanic) (3.21%).

None of the households in Jefferson County, TX reported speaking a non-English language at home as their primary shared language. This does not consider the potential multi-lingual nature of households, but only the primary self-reported language spoken by all members of the household.

92.1% of the residents in Jefferson County, TX are U.S. citizens.

The largest universities in Jefferson County, TX are Lamar University (5,318 degrees awarded in 2020), Lamar Institute of Technology (675 degrees), and Lamar State College-Port Arthur (435 degrees).

In 2020, the median property value in Jefferson County, TX was $120,300, and the homeownership rate was 61.5%. Most people in Jefferson County, TX drove alone to work, and the average commute time was 20.5 minutes. The average car ownership in Jefferson County, TX was 2 cars per household.

Jefferson County, TX borders Cameron Parish, LA, Chambers County, TX, Hardin County, TX, Liberty County, TX, and Orange County, TX.

About the photo: Spindletop Well Replica, Beaumont, TX

Photo by Roy Luck

United States Texas Beaumont-Port Arthur, TX

Diversity

Jefferson County, TX is home to a population of 253k people, from which 92.1% are citizens. As of 2020, 12% of Jefferson County, TX residents were born outside of the country (30.4k people).

In 2020, there were 1.2 times more White (Non-Hispanic) residents (101k people) in Jefferson County, TX than any other race or ethnicity. There were 84.5k Black or African American (Non-Hispanic) and 37.9k White (Hispanic) residents, the second and third most common ethnic groups.

Race and Ethnicity

The 3 largest ethnic groups in Jefferson County, TX

White (Non-Hispanic)
101k ± 72
Black or African American (Non-Hispanic)
84.5k ± 669
White (Hispanic)
37.9k ± 1.28k

21.2%

Hispanic Population

53.7k people

21.2% of the people in Jefferson County, TX are hispanic (53.7k people).

The following chart shows the 7 races represented in Jefferson County, TX as a share of the total population.

Heritage

Foreign-Born Population

12%

2020 Foreign-Born Population

30.4k people

12%

2019 Foreign-Born Population

30.5k people

As of 2020, 12% of Jefferson County, TX residents (30.4k people) were born outside of the United States, which is lower than the national average of 13.5%. In 2019, the percentage of foreign-born citizens in Jefferson County, TX was 12%, meaning that the rate has been increasing.

The following chart shows the percentage of foreign-born residents in Jefferson County, TX compared to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

Age by Nativity

Median Native-Born Age

± 0.2

Median Foreign-Born Age

± 1

In 2020, the median age of all people in Jefferson County, TX was 36.5. Native-born citizens, with a median age of 35, were generally younger than foreign-born citizens, with a median age of 42. But people in Jefferson County, TX are getting getting older. In 2019, the average age of all Jefferson County, TX residents was 36.

Global Diversity

The PUMS dataset is not available at the County level, so we are showing data for Texas.

Most Common Origin

Mexico
2,484,512 ± 36,982 people
India
279,123 ± 12,908 people
El Salvador
219,615 ± 11,461 people

In 2020, the most common birthplace for the foreign-born residents of Texas was Mexico, the natal country of 2,484,512 Texas residents, followed by India with 279,123 and El Salvador with 219,615.

Citizenship

92.1%

2020 Citizenship

92.2%

2019 Citizenship

As of 2020, 92.1% of Jefferson County, TX residents were US citizens, which is lower than the national average of 93.4%. In 2019, the percentage of US citizens in Jefferson County, TX was 92.2%, meaning that the rate of citizenship has been decreasing.

The following chart shows US citizenship percentages in Jefferson County, TX compared to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

Military

Veterans

Most Common Service Period

Vietnam
5,264 ± 493
Gulf War (2001-)
2,395 ± 435
Gulf War (1990s)
2,281 ± 377

Jefferson County, TX has a large population of military personnel who served in Vietnam, 2.2 times greater than any other conflict.

COVID-19

Daily New Cases by Date

Showing data at the state level for Texas. Hospitalization data for some states may be delayed or not reported.

Y-Axis

This chart shows the number of COVID-19 daily new cases by date in Texas, as a 7-day rolling average, compared with the four states with the most similar number of confirmed cases.

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Unemployment Insurance Claims

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for Texas.

This chart shows weekly unemployment insurance claims in Texas (not-seasonally adjusted) compared with the four states with the most similar impact.

The most recent data point uses Advance State Claims data, which can be revised in subsequent weeks.

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Employment by Industry Sector

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for Texas.

Y-Axis

8.45%

Year-over-year growth

Employment change between May 2020 and May 2021

As of May 2021, there are 145M people employed in Texas. This represents a 8.45% increase in employment when compared to May 2020.

The following chart shows monthly employment numbers for each industry sector in Texas.

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Community Mobility

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for Texas.

This chart presents movement trends over time in the state of Texas across different categories of places such as retail and recreation, groceries and pharmacies, parks, transit stations, workplaces, and residential.

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Economy

Median household income in Jefferson County, TX is $50,840. In 2020, the tract with the highest Median Household Income in Jefferson County, TX was Census Tract 113.03 with a value of $102,736, followed by Census Tract 109.02 and Census Tract 110.02, with respective values of $101,705 and $88,333.

Males in Texas have an average income that is 1.39 times higher than the average income of females, which is $50,589. The income inequality in Texas (measured using the Gini index) is 0.478, which is higher than than the national average.

The economy of Jefferson County, TX employs 104k people. The largest industries in Jefferson County, TX are Construction (13,951 people), Health Care & Social Assistance (13,310 people), and Retail Trade (12,571 people), and the highest paying industries are Management of Companies & Enterprises ($93,015), Manufacturing ($71,244), and Mining, Quarrying, & Oil & Gas Extraction ($68,973).

Wages

Median Household Income

$50,840

2020 value

± $1,175

−0.796%

1 Year Growth

± 3.49%

Households in Jefferson County, TX have a median annual income of $50,840, which is less than the median annual income of $64,994 across the entire United States. This is in comparison to a median income of $51,248 in 2019, which represents a −0.796% annual growth.

The following chart shows how the median household income in Jefferson County, TX compares to that of its neighboring and parent geographies.

Wage by Sex in Common Jobs

The PUMS dataset is not available at the County level, so we are showing data for Texas.

$70,236

Average Male Salary in Texas

± $745

$50,589

Average Female Salary in Texas

± $558

In 2020, full-time male employees in Texas made 1.39 times more than female employees.

This chart shows the sex-based wage disparity in the 5 most common occupations in Texas by number of full-time employees.

Wage by Race and Ethnicity in Common Jobs

The PUMS dataset is not available at the County level, so we are showing data for Texas.

Highest Average Salaries by Race & Ethnicity in Texas

Asian
$71,020 ± $2,237
White
$57,454 ± $557
American Indian
$48,111 ± $6,839

In 2020 the highest paid race/ethnicity of Texas workers was Asian. These workers were paid 1.24 times more than White workers, who made the second highest salary of any race/ethnicity in Texas.

This chart shows the race- and ethnicity-based wage disparities in the 5 most common occupations in Texas by number of full-time employees.

Wage Distribution

The closest comparable wage GINI for Jefferson County, TX is from Texas.

0.478

2020 Wage GINI in Texas

0.48

2019 Wage GINI in Texas

In 2020, the income inequality in Texas was 0.478 according to the GINI calculation of the wage distribution. Income inequality had a 0.474% decline from 2019 to 2020, which means that wage distribution grew somewhat more even. The GINI for Texas was higher than than the national average of 0.478. In other words, wages are distributed less evenly in Texas in comparison to the national average.

This chart shows the number of workers in Texas across various wage buckets compared to the national average.

Income by Location

Use the dropdown to filter by race/ethnicity.

Race/Ethnicity

Highest Median Household Income (Total)

Census Tract 113.03
Census Tract 109.02
Census Tract 110.02

In 2020, the tract with the highest Median Household Income (Total) in Jefferson County, TX was Census Tract 113.03 with a value of $102,736, followed by Census Tract 109.02 and Census Tract 110.02, with respective values of $101,705 and $88,333.

The following map shows all of the tracts in Jefferson County, TX colored by their Median Household Income (Total).

Poverty by Age and Sex

Females 25 - 34

Largest Demographic Living in Poverty

18% of the population for whom poverty status is determined in Jefferson County, TX (42.5k out of 236k people) live below the poverty line, a number that is higher than the national average of 12.8%. The largest demographic living in poverty are Females 25 - 34, followed by Males 6 - 11 and then Females 6 - 11.

The Census Bureau uses a set of money income thresholds that vary by family size and composition to determine who classifies as impoverished. If a family's total income is less than the family's threshold than that family and every individual in it is considered to be living in poverty.

Poverty by Race and Ethnicity

Largest Race or Ethnicity Living in Poverty

Black
18,957 ± 1,163
White
17,235 ± 1,049
Hispanic
12,426 ± 850

The most common racial or ethnic group living below the poverty line in Jefferson County, TX is Black, followed by White and Hispanic.

Occupations

Employment by Occupations

104k

2020 Value

± 2,821

−2.21%

1 Year decline

± 3.72%

From 2019 to 2020, employment in Jefferson County, TX declined at a rate of −2.21%, from 106k employees to 104k employees.

The most common job groups, by number of people living in Jefferson County, TX, are Construction & Extraction Occupations (11,399 people), Sales & Related Occupations (11,244 people), and Office & Administrative Support Occupations (10,444 people). This chart illustrates the share breakdown of the primary jobs held by residents of Jefferson County, TX.

Most Common

The most common jobs held by residents of Jefferson County, TX, by number of employees, are Construction & Extraction Occupations (11,399 people), Sales & Related Occupations (11,244 people), and Office & Administrative Support Occupations (10,444 people).

Most Specialized

Compared to other counties, Jefferson County, TX has an unusually high number of residents working as Construction & Extraction Occupations (2.18 times higher than expected), Law Enforcement Workers Including Supervisors (2.12 times), and Production Occupations (1.47 times).

Highest Paid

The highest paid jobs held by residents of Jefferson County, TX, by median earnings, are Architecture & Engineering Occupations ($99,375), Life, Physical, & Social Science Occupations ($97,806), and Computer, Engineering, & Science Occupations ($96,101).

Industries

Employment by Industries

104k

2020 Value

± 2,821

−2.21%

1 Year decline

± 3.72%

From 2019 to 2020, employment in Jefferson County, TX declined at a rate of −2.21%, from 106k employees to 104k employees.

The most common employment sectors for those who live in Jefferson County, TX, are Construction (13,951 people), Health Care & Social Assistance (13,310 people), and Retail Trade (12,571 people). This chart shows the share breakdown of the primary industries for residents of Jefferson County, TX, though some of these residents may live in Jefferson County, TX and work somewhere else. Census data is tagged to a residential address, not a work address.

Most Common

The most common industries in Jefferson County, TX, by number of employees, are Construction (13,951 people), Health Care & Social Assistance (13,310 people), and Retail Trade (12,571 people).

Most Specialized

Compared to other counties, Jefferson County, TX has an unusually high number of Construction (2.01 times higher than expected), Mining, Quarrying, & Oil & Gas Extraction (1.56 times), and Utilities (1.21 times) industries.

Highest Paying

The highest paying industries in Jefferson County, TX, by median earnings, are Management of Companies & Enterprises ($93,015), Manufacturing ($71,244), and Mining, Quarrying, & Oil & Gas Extraction ($68,973).

Domestic Trade

Domestic Production & Consumption

Domestic production and consumption consists of products and services shipped from Texas to other states, or from other states to Texas.

Top Domestic Production in Dollars

Electronics
$292B
Gasoline
$210B
Fuel oils
$178B

In 2020, the top outbound Texas product (by dollars) was Electronics with $292B, followed by Gasoline ($210B) and Fuel oils ($178B).

The following chart shows the share of these products in relation to all outbound Texas products.

Domestic Trade Growth

Showing data for Texas.

$2.36T

2020 Value in Texas

$4.5T

Projected 2050 Value in Texas

90.9% growth

In 2020, total outbound Texas trade was $2.36T. This is expected to increase 90.9% to $4.5T by 2050.

The following chart shows how the domestic outbound Texas trade is projected to change in comparison to its neighboring states.

Interstate Trade

Interstate trade consists of products and services shipped from Texas to other states, or from other states to Texas.

Most Common Trade Partners

Louisiana
$78.1B
California
$76.4B
Michigan
$74.9B

In 2020, the top outbound Texas domestic partner for goods and services (by dollars) was Louisiana with $78.1B, followed by California with $76.4B and Michigan and $74.9B.

The following map shows the amount of trade that Texas shares with each state (excluding itself).

Civics

In the 2020 presidential election, the popular vote in Jefferson County, TX went to Donald J. Trump with 50.2% of the vote. The runner-up was Joseph R Biden Jr. (48.6%), followed by Jo Jorgensen (0.947%). The most partisan county was Roberts County, TX with 96.2% of the vote going to Donald J. Trump running for the Republican Party.

John Cornyn and Ted Cruz are the senators currently representing the state of Texas. In the United States, senators are elected to 6-year terms with the terms for individual senators staggered.

Texas is currently represented by 36 members in the U.S. house, and members of the House of Representives are elected to 2-year terms.

Presidential Popular Vote Over Time

2020 Election Results

Donald J. Trump (50.2%)
Republican Party
Joseph R Biden Jr. (48.6%)
Democratic Party
Jo Jorgensen (0.947%)
Libertarian Party

The following chart shows the popular vote results in Jefferson County, TX for each registered party from 1976 to 2020.

Presidential Popular Vote by County

Presidential voting results are only available at the county level. Showing data for the counties inside of Texas.

Donald J. Trump

Popular Vote for Jefferson County, TX

50.2% for the Republican Party

Most Partisan Counties in Texas

Roberts County, TX
96.2% for Donald J. Trump (Republican Party)
Borden County, TX
95.4% for Donald J. Trump (Republican Party)
King County, TX
95% for Donald J. Trump (Republican Party)

In the 2020 presidential election, the most partisan county in Texas was Roberts County, TX with 96.2% of the vote going to Donald J. Trump running for the Republican Party.

The following map shows the counties in Texas colored by their party leaning.

US Senators from Texas

Senatorial voting results are only available at the state level. Showing data for Texas.

John Cornyn

Senator from Texas

Assumed office on December 2, 2002
Phil Gramm resigned (effective November 30, 2002) a few weeks before the expiration of his term in hopes that his successor, fellow Republican John Cornyn, could gain seniority over other newly elected senators. However, Cornyn did not gain additional seniority due to a 1980 Rules Committee policy.

Ted Cruz

Senator from Texas

Assumed office on January 3, 2013

John Cornyn and Ted Cruz are the senators currently representing Texas.

In the United States, senators are elected to 6-year terms with the terms for individual senators staggered.

The following chart shows elected senators in Texas over time, excluding special elections, colored by their political party.

US Representatives from Texas

Texas is currently represented by 36 members in the U.S. house.

Members of the House of Representives are elected to 2-year terms, and the following chart shows the how the members for Texas have changed over time starting in 2008.

Education

In 2020, universities in Jefferson County, TX awarded 6,484 degrees. The student population of Jefferson County, TX is skewed towards women, with 8,112 male students and 15,513 female students.

Most students graduating from Universities in Jefferson County, TX are White (3,193 and 50.7%), followed by Black or African American (1,397 and 22.2%), Hispanic or Latino (1,250 and 19.8%), and Asian (197 and 3.13%).

The largest universities in Jefferson County, TX by number of degrees awarded are Lamar University (5,318 and 82%), Lamar Institute of Technology (675 and 10.4%), and Lamar State College-Port Arthur (435 and 6.71%).

The most popular majors in Jefferson County, TX are General Educational Leadership & Administration (2,210 and 34.1%), General Special Education & Teaching (336 and 5.18%), and Registered Nursing (246 and 3.79%).

The median tuition cost in Jefferson County, TX for a public four year colleges is $6,129 for in-state students and $15,945 for out-of-state students.

Concentrations

Most Common

Counseling Psychology
171 degree-majorss awarded
General Educational Leadership & Administration
1,227 degree-majorss awarded
Educational & Instructional Technology
180 degree-majorss awarded

In 2020, the most common concentation for Masters Degree recipients in Jefferson County, TX was Counseling Psychology with 171 degrees awarded.

This visualization illustrates the percentage of students graduating with a Masters Degree from schools in Jefferson County, TX according to their major.

Universities

Largest Universities by degrees awarded

Lamar University
5,318 degrees awarded
Lamar Institute of Technology
675 degrees awarded
Lamar State College-Port Arthur
435 degrees awarded

$6,129

Median In-State Public

In 2020, the Jefferson County, TX institution with the largest number of graduating students was Lamar University with 5,318 degrees awarded.

Student Sex for Common Institutions

2,146

Degrees Awarded to Men

4,338

Degrees Awarded to Women

In 2020, 2,146 men were awarded degrees from institutions in Jefferson County, TX, which is 0.495 times less than the 4,338 female students who received degrees in the same year.

This chart displays the sex disparity between the institutions in Jefferson County, TX by degrees awarded.

Student Race and Ethnicity

Most Common Student Race or Ethnicity

White
3,193 degrees awarded
Black or African American
1,397 degrees awarded
Hispanic or Latino
1,250 degrees awarded

In 2020 the most common race/ethnicity group awarded degrees at institutions in Jefferson County, TX was White students. These 3,193 degrees mean that there were 2.29 times more degrees awarded to White students then the next closest race/ethnicity group, Black or African American, with 1,397 degrees awarded.

Housing & Living

The median property value in Jefferson County, TX was $120,300 in 2020, which is 0.523 times smaller than the national average of $229,800. Between 2019 and 2020 the median property value increased from $112,800 to $120,300, a 6.65% increase. The homeownership rate in Jefferson County, TX is 61.5%, which is lower than the national average of 64.4%. People in Jefferson County, TX have an average commute time of 20.5 minutes, and they drove alone to work. Car ownership in Jefferson County, TX is approximately the same as the national average, with an average of 2 cars per household.

Housing

Property Value

$120,300

2020 Median

± $3,583

$112,800

2019 Median

± $2,356

In 2020, the median property value in Jefferson County, TX grew to to $120,300 from the previous year's value of $112,800.

The following charts display, first, the property values in Jefferson County, TX compared to it's parent and neighbor geographies and, second, owner-occupied housing units distributed between a series of property value buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. In Jefferson County, TX the largest share of households have a property value in the $100k - $125k range.

Household Income

Please note that the buckets used in this visualization were not evenly distributed by ACS when publishing the data.

$50,840

Median Household Income

± $1,175

94k

Number of Households

± 2,604

In 2020, the median household income of the 94k households in Jefferson County, TX declined from $50,840 from the previous year's value of $51,248.

The following chart displays the households in Jefferson County, TX distributed between a series of income buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. The largest share of households have an income in the $75k - $100k range.

Property Taxes

$3k+

Average Range

This chart shows the households in Jefferson County, TX distributed between a series of property tax buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. In Jefferson County, TX the largest share of households pay taxes in the $3k+ range.

Rent vs Own

61.5%

2020 Homeownership

61.1%

2019 Homeownership

In 2020, 61.5% of the housing units in Jefferson County, TX were occupied by their owner. This percentage grew from the previous year's rate of 61.1%.

This percentage of owner-occupation is lower than the national average of 64.4%. This chart shows the ownership percentage in Jefferson County, TX compared it's parent and neighboring geographies.

Commute Time

20.5 minutes

Average Travel Time

Using averages, employees in Jefferson County, TX have a shorter commute time (20.5 minutes) than the normal US worker (26.9 minutes). Additionally, 1.13% of the workforce in Jefferson County, TX have "super commutes" in excess of 90 minutes.

The chart below shows how the median household income in Jefferson County, TX compares to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

Commuter Transportation

Most Common Commute in 2020

Drove Alone (88.5%)
Carpooled (7.08%)
Worked At Home (2.05%)

In 2020, 88.5% of workers in Jefferson County, TX drove alone to work, followed by those who carpooled to work (7.08%) and those who worked at home (2.05%).

The following chart shows the number of households using each mode of transportation over time, using a logarithmic scale on the y-axis to help better show variations in the smaller means of commuting.

Transportation

Car Ownership

2 cars

Average Number

The following chart displays the households in Jefferson County, TX distributed between a series of car ownership buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. The largest share of households in Jefferson County, TX have 2 cars, followed by false.

Health

80.2% of the population of Jefferson County, TX has health coverage, with 41.7% on employee plans, 16.3% on Medicaid, 12% on Medicare, 9% on non-group plans, and 1.21% on military or VA plans.

Per capita personal health care spending in Texas was $6,998 in 2014. This is a 5.06% increase from the previous year ($6,661).

Primary care physicians in Jefferson County, TX see 1903 patients per year on average, which represents a 7.64% increase from the previous year (1768 patients). Compare this to dentists who see 1644 patients per year, and mental health providers who see 953 patients per year.

Comparing across all counties in the state, Trinity County has the highest prevalence of diabetes (23.2%). Additionally, Burleson County has the highest prevalence of adult obesity (46.6%)

Patient to Clinician Ratios

1,903 to 1

Patient to Primary Care Physician Ratio in Jefferson County, TX

Primary care physicians in Jefferson County, TX see an average of 1,903 patients per year. This represents a 7.64% increase from the previous year (1,768 patients).

The following chart shows how the number of patients seen by primary care physicians has been changing over time in Jefferson County, TX in comparison to its neighboring geographies.

Behavioral Health Conditions

Data only available at the state level.

State with the Highest Prevalence

West Virginia
8.26% of the population affected
Arkansas
8.13% of the population affected
New Hampshire
7.98% of the population affected

In 2016, West Virginia had the highest prevalence of adults with major depressive episode, with 8.26% of the population affected. The second highest is Arkansas (8.13%), followed by New Hampshire (7.98%).

The following map shows the percent of individuals with major depressive episode by state over multiple years.

Social Needs

Data only available at the state level.

Most prevalent states

California
35,798 individuals
New York
5,087 individuals
Florida
4,915 individuals

In 2017, California had the highest estimated number of chronically homeless individuals in the nation, at 35,798. New York has the second highest (5,087), followed by Florida (4,915).

The following map shows the estimated number of chronically homeless individuals by state over multiple years.

Access and Quality

Data only available at state level.

Most prevalent states

Mississippi
19.2% of adults
Texas
17.9% of adults
Louisiana
17.6% of adults

In 2016, Mississippi had the highest prevalence of adults who haven't seen a doctor in the past 12 months due to cost, at 19.2%. It is followed by Texas (17.9%) and Louisiana (17.6%).

The following map shows the prevalence of adults who haven't seen a doctor in the past 12 months due to cost by state over multiple years.

Health Care Spending

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for Texas.

$6,998

Total Per Capita Spending on Personal Health Care in Texas

$4,696

Per Enrollee Private Health Insurance Spending on Personal Health Care

$7,273

Per Enrollee Medicaid Spending on Personal Health Care

$11,895

Per Enrollee Medicare Spending on Personal Health Care

Between 2013 and 2014, all personal health care spending per capita in Texas (including private, Medicare, and Medicaid) grew 5.06%, from $6,661 to $6,998.

The following chart shows how this spending changed over time in comparison to Medicaid, Medicare, and private insurance spending, per enrollee.

Health Care Coverage

19.8%

Uninsured

41.7%

Employer Coverage

16.3%

Medicaid

12%

Medicare

Non-Group

1.21%

Military or VA

Between 2019 and 2020, the percent of uninsured citizens in Jefferson County, TX declined by 0.463% from 19.9% to 19.8%.

The following chart shows how the percent of uninsured individuals in Jefferson County, TX changed over time compared with the percent of individuals enrolled in various types of health insurance.