Clay County, SD

County

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2021 Population

14,816

5.26% 1-year growth

US Senator

John Thune

Republican Party

US Senator

Mike Rounds

Republican Party

US Representative

Dusty Johnson

Republican Party

2021 Median Age

24.7

1.98% 1-year decrease

2021 Poverty Rate

20.1%

3.81% 1-year decrease

2021 Median Household Income

$56,077

9% 1-year growth

2021 Median Property Value

$179,000

6.48% 1-year growth

2021 Employed Population

8,023

7.14% 1-year growth

About

In 2021, Clay County, SD had a population of 14.8k people with a median age of 24.7 and a median household income of $56,077. Between 2020 and 2021 the population of Clay County, SD grew from 14,076 to 14,816, a 5.26% increase and its median household income grew from $51,447 to $56,077, a 9% increase.

The 5 largest ethnic groups in Clay County, SD are White (Non-Hispanic) (85.9%), American Indian & Alaska Native (Non-Hispanic) (3.16%), Asian (Non-Hispanic) (2.94%), Two+ (Non-Hispanic) (2.72%), and Black or African American (Non-Hispanic) (1.61%).

None of the households in Clay County, SD reported speaking a non-English language at home as their primary shared language. This does not consider the potential multi-lingual nature of households, but only the primary self-reported language spoken by all members of the household.

97.2% of the residents in Clay County, SD are U.S. citizens.

The largest universities in Clay County, SD are University of South Dakota (2,185 degrees awarded in 2021).

In 2021, the median property value in Clay County, SD was $179,000, and the homeownership rate was 54%.

Most people in Clay County, SD drove alone to work, and the average commute time was 16.3 minutes. The average car ownership in Clay County, SD was 2 cars per household.

Clay County, SD borders Cedar County, NE, Dixon County, NE, Lincoln County, SD, Turner County, SD, Union County, SD, and Yankton County, SD.

United States South Dakota Vermillion, SD

Population & Diversity

Clay County, SD is home to a population of 14.8k people, from which 97.2% are citizens. As of 2021, 3.52% of Clay County, SD residents were born outside of the country (522 people).

In 2021, there were 27.2 times more White (Non-Hispanic) residents (12.7k people) in Clay County, SD than any other race or ethnicity. There were 468 American Indian & Alaska Native (Non-Hispanic) and 435 Asian (Non-Hispanic) residents, the second and third most common ethnic groups.

Population & Diversity

Citizenship

97.2%

2021 Citizenship

96.6%

2020 Citizenship

As of 2021, 97.2% of Clay County, SD residents were US citizens, which is higher than the national average of 93.4%. In 2020, the percentage of US citizens in Clay County, SD was 96.6%, meaning that the rate of citizenship has been increasing.

The following chart shows US citizenship percentages in Clay County, SD compared to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

Diversity

Race and Ethnicity

The 3 largest ethnic groups in Clay County, SD

White (Non-Hispanic)
12.7k ± 96
American Indian & Alaska Native (Non-Hispanic)
468 ± 120
Asian (Non-Hispanic)
435 ± 23

3.21%

Hispanic Population

475 people

3.21% of the people in Clay County, SD are hispanic (475 people).

The following chart shows the 7 races represented in Clay County, SD as a share of the total population.

Global Diversity

The PUMS dataset is not available at the County level, so we are showing data for South Dakota.

Most Common Origin

Mexico
3,140 ± 1,373 people
Ethiopia
2,462 ± 1,216 people
Guatemala
2,377 ± 1,195 people

In 2021, the most common birthplace for the foreign-born residents of South Dakota was Mexico, the natal country of 3,140 South Dakota residents, followed by Ethiopia with 2,462 and Guatemala with 2,377.

Foreign-Born Population

3.52%

2021 Foreign-Born Population

522 people

4.08%

2020 Foreign-Born Population

574 people

As of 2021, 3.52% of Clay County, SD residents (522 people) were born outside of the United States, which is lower than the national average of 13.6%. In 2020, the percentage of foreign-born citizens in Clay County, SD was 4.08%, meaning that the rate has been decreasing.

The following chart shows the percentage of foreign-born residents in Clay County, SD compared to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

Military

Veterans

Most Common Service Period

Gulf War (2001-)
181 ± 86
Vietnam
180 ± 86
Gulf War (1990s)
111 ± 70

Clay County, SD has a large population of military personnel who served in Gulf War (2001-), 1.01 times greater than any other conflict.

Economy

The economy of Clay County, SD employs 8.02k people. The largest industries in Clay County, SD are Educational Services (1,815 people), Retail Trade (1,205 people), and Health Care & Social Assistance (1,076 people), and the highest paying industries are Utilities ($74,107), Transportation & Warehousing, & Utilities ($61,667), and Transportation & Warehousing ($60,060).

Males in South Dakota have an average income that is 1.29 times higher than the average income of females, which is $48,431. The income inequality in South Dakota (measured using the Gini index) is 0.439, which is lower than than the national average.

Employment

Occupations

8.02k

2021 Value

± 606

7.14%

1 Year growth

± 9.85%

From 2020 to 2021, employment in Clay County, SD grew at a rate of 7.14%, from 7.49k employees to 8.02k employees.

The most common job groups, by number of people living in Clay County, SD, are Education Instruction, & Library Occupations (1,008 people), Office & Administrative Support Occupations (842 people), and Food Preparation & Serving Related Occupations (809 people). This chart illustrates the share breakdown of the primary jobs held by residents of Clay County, SD.

Unemployment Insurance Claims

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for false.

This chart shows weekly unemployment insurance claims in South Dakota (not-seasonally adjusted) compared with the four states with the most similar impact.

The most recent data point uses Advance State Claims data, which can be revised in subsequent weeks.

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Industries

Employment by Industries

8.02k

2021 Value

± 606

7.14%

1 Year growth

± 9.85%

From 2020 to 2021, employment in Clay County, SD grew at a rate of 7.14%, from 7.49k employees to 8.02k employees.

The most common employment sectors for those who live in Clay County, SD, are Educational Services (1,815 people), Retail Trade (1,205 people), and Health Care & Social Assistance (1,076 people). This chart shows the share breakdown of the primary industries for residents of Clay County, SD, though some of these residents may live in Clay County, SD and work somewhere else. Census data is tagged to a residential address, not a work address.

Median Earnings by Industry

$35,119

Median earning men ± $3,381

$22,371

Median earning women ± $5,511

The industries with the best median earnings for men in 2021 are Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing & Hunting, & Mining ($62,656), Transportation & Warehousing, & Utilities ($61,310), and Public Administration ($57,171).

The industries with the best median earnings for women in 2021 are Wholesale Trade ($41,607), Public Administration ($38,897), and Information ($35,417).

Employment by Industry Sector

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for false.

Y-Axis

2.75%

Year-over-year growth

Employment change between February 2022 and February 2023

As of February 2023, there are 155M people employed in South Dakota. This represents a 2.75% increase in employment when compared to February 2022.

The following chart shows monthly employment numbers for each industry sector in South Dakota.

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Establishments by Size

The industries with the most establishments

94
Educational Services, Health Care & Social Assistance
66
Finance & Insurance, and Real Estate, Rental & Leasing
62
Arts, Entertainment & Recreation and Accommodation & Food Services

The visualization shows the distribution of establishments by industry and by size according to the number of employees.

Payroll by Industry Sector

The industries with the highest total annual payroll

$25k
Manufacturing
$24.7k
Educational Services, Health Care & Social Assistance
$18k
Retail Trade

The chart shows the total annual payroll and the average annual payroll by industry.

Domestic Trade

Domestic Production & Consumption

Domestic production and consumption consists of products and services shipped from South Dakota to other states, or from other states to South Dakota.

Top Domestic Production in Dollars

In 2020, the top outbound South Dakota product (by dollars) was Cereal grains with $6.49B, followed by Other ag prods. ($5.75B) and Live animals/fish ($4.59B).

The following chart shows the share of these products in relation to all outbound South Dakota products.

Domestic Trade Growth

Showing data for South Dakota.

$51.6B

2020 Value in South Dakota

$98.1B

Projected 2050 Value in South Dakota

90.3% growth

In 2020, total outbound South Dakota trade was $51.6B. This is expected to increase 90.3% to $98.1B by 2050.

The following chart shows how the domestic outbound South Dakota trade is projected to change in comparison to its neighboring states.

Interstate Trade

Interstate trade consists of products and services shipped from South Dakota to other states, or from other states to South Dakota.

Most Common Trade Partners

Minnesota
$6.09B
Iowa
$3.04B
North Dakota
$2.14B

In 2020, the top outbound South Dakota domestic partner for goods and services (by dollars) was Minnesota with $6.09B, followed by Iowa with $3.04B and North Dakota and $2.14B.

The following map shows the amount of trade that South Dakota shares with each state (excluding itself).

Civics

In the 2020 presidential election, the popular vote in Clay County, SD went to Joseph R Biden Jr. with 54.1% of the vote. The runner-up was Donald J. Trump (43.1%), followed by Jo Jorgensen (2.79%).

John Thune and Mike Rounds are the senators currently representing the state of South Dakota. In the United States, senators are elected to 6-year terms with the terms for individual senators staggered.

Clay County, SD is currently represented by Dusty Johnson in the U.S. house, and members of the House of Representives are elected to 2-year terms.

Presidential Elections

Presidential Popular Vote Over Time

2020 Election Results

Joseph R Biden Jr. (54.1%)
Democratic Party
Donald J. Trump (43.1%)
Republican Party
Jo Jorgensen (2.79%)
Libertarian Party

In the 2020 presidential election, the popular vote in Clay County, SD went to Joseph R Biden Jr. with 54.1% of the vote. The runner-up was Donald J. Trump (43.1%), followed by Jo Jorgensen (2.79%).

The following chart shows the popular vote results in Clay County, SD for each registered party from 1976 to 2020.

Senator Elections

US Senators from South Dakota

Senatorial voting results are only available at the state level. Showing data for South Dakota.

John Thune

Senator from South Dakota

Assumed office on January 3, 2005

Mike Rounds

Senator from South Dakota

Assumed office on January 3, 2015

John Thune and Mike Rounds are the senators currently representing South Dakota.

In the United States, senators are elected to 6-year terms with the terms for individual senators staggered.

The following chart shows elected senators in South Dakota over time, excluding special elections, colored by their political party.

US Representative Elections

US Representatives from Clay County, SD

Dusty Johnson

South Dakota at-large Representative

Republican Party

Clay County, SD is currently represented by Dusty Johnson (Republican Party).

Members of the House of Representives are elected to 2-year terms, and the following chart shows the how the member for Clay County, SD have changed over time starting in 2008.

Education

In 2021, universities in Clay County, SD awarded 2,185 degrees. The student population of Clay County, SD in 2021 is skewed towards women, with 3,429 male students and 6,035 female students.

Most students graduating from Universities in Clay County, SD are White (1,865 and 88.1%), followed by Two or More Races (70 and 3.31%), Hispanic or Latino (64 and 3.02%), and Black or African American (48 and 2.27%).

The largest universities in Clay County, SD by number of degrees awarded are University of South Dakota (2,185 and 100%).

The most popular majors in Clay County, SD are Registered Nursing (198 and 9.06%), General Business Administration & Management (144 and 6.59%), and General Health Services (106 and 4.85%).

The median tuition cost in Clay County, SD for a public four year colleges is $7,773 for in-state students and $11,283 for out-of-state students.

Admissions & Enrollments

Applicants, Admissions & Enrolled

University

Measure

In 2021 in Clay County, SD, the percentage of applicants admitted was 87%, while the percentage of admitted who enrolled was 33.2%. The number of students enrolled in 2021 was 9,464 (36.2% men and 63.8% women).

The line chart shows the evolution of the percentage of applicants admitted, admitted who enrolled or the number of students enrolled according to the option selected in the upper button.

Enrollments by Gender and Races

Universities

In 2021 there were 9,464 students enrolled in Clay County, SD, 36.2% men and 63.8% women.

By race, the largest number of students enrolled was concentrated in White with 7,657 records, of which 64.7% were women and 35.3% men.

Completions

Concentrations

Most Common

Registered Nursing
198 degrees awarded
General Health Services
96 degrees awarded
General Biomedical Sciences
63 degrees awarded

In 2021, the most common concentation for Bachelors Degree recipients in Clay County, SD was Registered Nursing with 198 degrees awarded.

This visualization illustrates the percentage of students graduating with a Bachelors Degree from schools in Clay County, SD according to their major.

Universities

Gender

Race

University of South Dakota

Largest Universities by degrees awarded

2,185 degrees awarded

In 2021, the institution with the largest number of graduating students was University of South Dakota with 2,185 degrees awarded.

Student Diversity

University

In 2021, 782 men were awarded degrees from institutions in Clay County, SD, which is 0.557 times less than the 1,403 female students who received degrees in the same year.

In 2021 the most common race/ethnicity group awarded degrees at institutions was White students. These 1,865 degrees mean that there were 26.6 times more degrees awarded to White students then the next closest race/ethnicity group, Two or More Races, with 70 degrees awarded.

Awarded Degrees over Time

The graph shows the evolution of awarded degrees by degrees. Under the paragraphs, the average number of awarded degrees by university in each degree is shown.

Tuition

Average Net Price by Sector

Universities

Public, 4-year or above ($7,773) is the sector with the highest median state tuition in 2021.

Public, 4-year or above ($1,659) is the sector with the highest median state fee in 2021.

Public, 4-year or above ($1,200) is the sector with the highest average net price of books and supplies.

The graph shows the average net price by sector and year.

Working Population

Educational Pyramid

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for South Dakota.

Measure

In 2021, 0.528% of men over 25 years of age had not completed any academic degree (no schooling), while 0.395% of women were in the same situation.

This visualization shows the gender distribution of the population according to the academic level reached.

Educational Attainment

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for South Dakota.

Race

The most common educational levels obtained by the working population in 2021 were High School or Equivalent (202k), Some college (152k), and Bachelors Degree (127k).

This visualization illustrates the percentage distribution of the population according to the highest educational level reached. You can filter the data by race by using the selector above.

Housing & Living

The median property value in Clay County, SD was $179,000 in 2021, which is 0.731 times smaller than the national average of $244,900. Between 2020 and 2021 the median property value increased from $168,100 to $179,000, a 6.48% increase. The homeownership rate in Clay County, SD is 54%, which is approximately the same as the national average of 64.6%.

People in Clay County, SD have an average commute time of 16.3 minutes, and they drove alone to work. Car ownership in Clay County, SD is approximately the same as the national average, with an average of 2 cars per household.

Median household income in Clay County, SD is $56,077. In 2021, the tract with the highest Median Household Income in Clay County, SD was Census Tract 9658 with a value of $79,509, followed by Census Tract 9657 and Census Tract 9659, with respective values of $59,940 and $40,984.

In 2022, 21.5% of the population was living with severe housing problems in Clay County, SD. From 2014 to 2022, the indicator grew 3.13%.

Housing

Property

$179,000

Median Property Value 2021

±$15,639

$2,873

Median Property Taxes

±$315

The following chart display owner-occupied housing units distributed between a series of property tax buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. In Clay County, SD the largest share of households pay taxes in the $3k+ range.

The chart underneath the paragraph shows the property taxes in Clay County, SD compared to it's parent and neighbor geographies.

Rent vs Own

54%

Homeownership

2021

67.7%

Homeowners with Mortgage

2021

In 2021, 54% of the housing units in Clay County, SD were occupied by their owner. This percentage grew from the previous year's rate of 53.8%.

This chart shows the percentage of owner in Clay County, SD compared it's parent and neighboring geographies.

Equity

Income by Location

Use the dropdown to filter by race/ethnicity.

Race/Ethnicity

Highest Median Household Income (Total)

Census Tract 9658
Census Tract 9657
Census Tract 9659

In 2021, the tract with the highest Median Household Income (Total) in Clay County, SD was Census Tract 9658 with a value of $79,509, followed by Census Tract 9657 and Census Tract 9659, with respective values of $59,940 and $40,984.

The following map shows all of the tracts in Clay County, SD colored by their Median Household Income (Total).

Household Income

Please note that the buckets used in this visualization were not evenly distributed by ACS when publishing the data.

$56,077

Median Household Income

± $7,938

5.32k

Number of Households

± 524

In 2021, the median household income of the 5.32k households in Clay County, SD grew to $56,077 from the previous year's value of $51,447.

The following chart displays the households in Clay County, SD distributed between a series of income buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. The largest share of households have an income in the < $10k range.

Wage Distribution

The closest comparable wage GINI for Clay County, SD is from South Dakota.

0.439

2021 Wage GINI in South Dakota

0.43

2020 Wage GINI in South Dakota

In 2021, the income inequality in South Dakota was 0.439 according to the GINI calculation of the wage distribution. Income inequality had a 1.94% growth from 2020 to 2021, which means that wage distribution grew somewhat less even. The GINI for South Dakota was lower than than the national average of 0.478. In other words, wages are distributed more evenly in South Dakota in comparison to the national average.

This chart shows the number of workers in South Dakota across various wage buckets compared to the national average.

Transportation

Commuter Transportation

Most Common Commute in 2021

Drove Alone (69.1%)
Walked (12.5%)
Carpooled (9.04%)

In 2021, 69.1% of workers in Clay County, SD drove alone to work, followed by those who walked to work (12.5%) and those who carpooled to work (9.04%).

The following chart shows the number of households using each mode of transportation over time, using a logarithmic scale on the y-axis to help better show variations in the smaller means of commuting.

Commute Time

16.3 minutes

Average Travel Time

Using averages, employees in Clay County, SD have a shorter commute time (16.3 minutes) than the normal US worker (26.8 minutes). Additionally, 1.91% of the workforce in Clay County, SD have "super commutes" in excess of 90 minutes.

The chart below shows how the median household income in Clay County, SD compares to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

Car Ownership

2 cars

Average Number

The following chart displays the households in Clay County, SD distributed between a series of car ownership buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. The largest share of households in Clay County, SD have 2 cars.

Poverty

Severe Housing Problems

In 2022, 21.5% of the population was living with severe housing problems in Clay County, SD. From 2014 to 2022, the indicator grew 3.13%.

The graph shows the trend of the percentage of the population living with severe housing problems.

Poverty & Diversity

20.1% of the population for whom poverty status is determined in Clay County, SD (2.49k out of 12.4k people) live below the poverty line, a number that is higher than the national average of 12.6%. The largest demographic living in poverty are Females 18 - 24, followed by Males 18 - 24 and then Males 25 - 34.

The most common racial or ethnic group living below the poverty line in Clay County, SD is White, followed by Native American and Black.

The Census Bureau uses a set of money income thresholds that vary by family size and composition to determine who classifies as impoverished. If a family's total income is less than the family's threshold than that family and every individual in it is considered to be living in poverty.

Children in Poverty

In 2022, 13.8% of the children was living in poverty in Clay County, SD. From 2014 to 2022, the indicator declined 6.1%.

The graph shows the trend of the percentage of the children living in poverty.

Social Needs

Data only available at the state level.

Most prevalent states

California
35,798 individuals
New York
5,087 individuals
Florida
4,915 individuals

In 2017, California had the highest estimated number of chronically homeless individuals in the nation, at 35,798. New York has the second highest (5,087), followed by Florida (4,915).

The following map shows the estimated number of chronically homeless individuals by state over multiple years.

Security

Crimes & Accidents

Indicator

In 2022, the number of reported violent crimes offenses per 100,000 population was 243 in Clay County, SD. From 2014 to 2022, the indicator grew 207 per 100,000 population.

The graph shows the trend in the number of reported violent crimes offenses per 100,000 population.

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Health

93.6% of the population of Clay County, SD has health coverage, with 56.1% on employee plans, 9.3% on Medicaid, 8.44% on Medicare, 18.1% on non-group plans, and 1.63% on military or VA plans.

Primary care physicians in Clay County, SD see 1759 patients per year on average, which represents a 12.3% decrease from the previous year (2006 patients). Compare this to dentists who see 1583 patients per year, and mental health providers who see 1425 patients per year.

By gender, of the total number of insured persons, 50.7% were men and 49.3% were women.

Coverage

Patient to Clinician Ratios

1,759 to 1

Patient to Primary Care Physician Ratio in Clay County, SD

Primary care physicians in Clay County, SD see an average of 1,759 patients per year. This represents a 12.3% decrease from the previous year (2,006 patients).

The following chart shows how the number of patients seen by primary care physicians has been changing over time in Clay County, SD in comparison to its neighboring geographies.

Health Care Diversity

In 2021, insured persons according to age ranges were distributed in 24.6% under 18 years, 38.4% between 18 and 34 years, 26.2% between 35 and 64 years, and 10.8% over 64 years.

By gender, of the total number of insured persons, 50.7% were men and 49.3% were women.

The following chart shows the number of people with health coverage by gender.

Uninsured People

6.4%

Uninsured

56.1%

Employer Coverage

9.3%

Medicaid

8.44%

Medicare

18.1%

Non-Group

1.63%

Military or VA

Between 2020 and 2021, the percent of uninsured citizens in Clay County, SD declined by 10.7% from 7.16% to 6.4%.

The following chart shows how the percent of uninsured individuals in Clay County, SD changed over time compared with the percent of individuals enrolled in various types of health insurance.

Health Indicators

Health Outcomes

Indicator

In 2022, the number of deaths among residents under age 18 per 100,000 population was N/A in Clay County, SD.

The graphic shows the trend of the indicator in Clay County, SD.

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Health Behaviors

Indicator

In 2022, the percentage of the adult population (age 18 and older) that reports a body mass index (BMI) greater than or equal to 30 kg/m2 (age-adjusted) was 29.7% in Clay County, SD.

The graphic shows the trend of the indicator in Clay County, SD.

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